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About Electron Beam Welding

How it works

Electron beam welding requires specialized equipment and experience. The capabilities of the process are very different than many other types of welding. As the name suggests, electrons are used in this process to create the weld. A machine accelerates the electrons in a vacuum and focuses the beam of fast moving electrons to the desire weld location. As the electrons hit the materials, their kinetic energy is transformed into heat causing the materials to melt. A lens is used to control the shape of the electron beam allowing for a high energy beam to be produced. The workpiece is moved under this beam to create the weld at the desired location. Many different factors can change the shape and strength of the weld including the power of the beam, the focus of the beam, speed the workpiece is moved, geometry of the parts and the materials being welded. 

Advantages of EBW

Electron beam welding allows for a high weld depth to weld width ratio. Weld depths of greater than 2.5" are able to be achieved. In addition, it is highly versatile allowing for both very thin and very thick materials to be welded. With the focused welding point, very low heat is produced on surrounding areas minimizing the distortion of the material.  Also, as no filler material is needed and the high precision of the process, virtually 0 scrap is produced. 

Limitation of Electron Beam Welds

As with any process, there are disadvantages compared to other techniques. One of the main being that as the materials cool, they shrink which can cause cracking or deformation of the part. This may also cause cracks within the weld itself especially if both parts are rigid. 

Read electron beam welding reviews to find the best vendor for your projects particular needs. This helps to alleviate some of the risk associated with vendor selection and mismatch expectations and abilities. 

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